Topographic, cartographic or map compasses are those that have a transparent base to be used together on a topographic map. They are generally liquid compasses so that there are no oscillations of the needle.
The surveying compass is used on a flat surface to support the map and place the compass on top. It is made up of different elements that make it characteristic of the others:
- Magnetized needle: Marks magnetic north
- Rotating blade: Circle with degree measurement, 0º-360º.
- North Arrow: Arrow pointing north on the rotating limb.
- Auxiliary lines: Inside the limbus and parallel to each other and to the north arrow. It is used to work with meridians on the map.
- Direction mark: Mark or arrow, which is used to determine our direction when obtaining bearings.
- Transparent base: makes it easier to read the map through it
- Scales: Special rules for measuring distances on maps at various scales
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